Steam-superheating system for steam engines



Aug. 31 1926.

T. LARREY ET AL STEAM SUPERHEATING SYSTEM FOR STEAMENGINES Filed Dec. '711925 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 31m/vante@ Aug. 31 1926.

A T. ARREY ET-AL STEAM SUPERHEATING SYSTEM FOR STEAM ENGINES Filed Dec. v, 1925 4 sheets-sheet 2 @am @my 603m@ Aug. 31 1926.

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Aug. 31,1926. 1,597,905 y T, I ARREY E1.' A1. l

STEAM SUPERHEATING SYSTEM FOR STEAM ENGINES Filed Dec. v 1925 '4 sheenSA-sheet 4 w Q j() l v .s :QF-1f) 'Li-l 2 u ,93,

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Patented Aug. 31, 1926.

rnonono Lannnir AND Lors Gemini), or MEXICO CITY, MEXICO.

STEAM-SUPERI-IEATING SYSTEM FOR STEAM-ENGINES.

Application led December 7, 1925, Serial No. 73,921, and in Mexico November 19 1925.

This invention relates to superheaters and F ig. 7

heat distributing deiiectors forlocomot-ives, being a 1 modification of the construction shown in-our prior Patent No. 1,563,563, granted December 1, 1925, and application The main object is to make the construction of the superheating units more simple and 'to facilitate the repair of the lire tubes.

Our apparatus is adaptable to` old loco-- motives using fire tubes ofone'or several diameters. K Y

Another object is tov provide a throttle valve for superheated steam which is coun` terbalanced by saturated' steam; the thro-ttle valve chest, however, does not form a receptacle or dome for such steam.

This construction adapts itself as .well to existing locomotives in which the exhaust pipe is rather near the tube sheet.

Owing to this construction it is possible to superheat the steam stepwise thereby obtaining a very high iinal temperature; the saturated steam passing simultaneously from one chamber through anumber of superheating tubes towards another chamber, whereby it reaches a higher tempera.- ture.

From the second `chamber the steam is led through other superheating tubes to a third chamber thus increasing its temperature, and may be led through still other superheating tubes to subsequent chambers, according to the increase of temperature required. 1

The superheated steam passes through a throttle valve in the smoke box ony its `way to the steam chest, and steam from one o-f the chambers is led to the heaters, blowers, etc. V

)Ve obtain the above and other objects by Fig. 3 isa longitudinal cross section of two superheating tube units of dierent diameters.

Fig. is a verti cal cross section of the de- Afleeting chambers.

Fig. is a side elevation of a modified construction of our superheater.

Fig. 6 is 'an end elevation of a locomo-` tive, pro-vided with the modified construction shown in Fig. 5.

er-(16) rests when closed.

y ing tubes (29),

is a vertical longitudinal cross section of a fraction of a four-chamber deflector. i

lj`ig8 is a-'diagram showing superheating units of threegroups, which connect pairs of chambers in a linked manner.

Referring to Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the drawings,r(1) is the smoke boX, (2) the boil-V er wall, (3) the tube sheet, (f1) the medium sized fire tubes, (5) the large fire tubes` and (6) the small fire tubes or flues.

Two dry pipes (7) pierce the tube sheet (3)', each connected by an elbow (8) with the upperpart of the outer or front chamber (9) of the deflecting superheater, which by means of superheating tube units .(38) communicates with the middle chamber (10 and'this by the tube units (29) with the inner or rear chamber (11), which discharges superlieated steam by the connection (12) and passes it through the throttle valve, from where it goes by the tubes (14) directly to the steam chests.

The casing orbox (13) of the throttle i valve is mounted upon the boiler wall (2), and upon the valve seat (15) the valve prop- Packings (17) (16) which reand down by (18) insertedthrough the are provided on the valve ceives sliding movement up the valve stem cover (19), and by further bar connections from the cab. Y

From onefof the elbow nected to the dry pipes (7), leads a small vtube (20) which feeds saturated steam tov the back pressure chamber (21) of the throttle valve, in order to counterbalance the valve and make its. operation easier.

The defiector shown in Figures 3 and l vhas three parallel chambers,`though more chambers may be adopted; and an auxiliary, cast iron deflecting member (22) is supported by legs (23) against'the lower edge of the 'defiectorn From the topof the rear chamber (11) a tube (24) extends,'feeding all the auxiliary apparatus such as heaters, blower etc. The deilector comprises four plates (25), (26), (27) and (28, the slightly co-nical ends of the superheatwhich are provided at opposite ends with Stoppers (30) and (31) each last-iiamed stopper having fastened to it a iiat bar (32) that is held Within'the tube (29)) but terminates shortl ofthe stopper (30. .1 I

all of which are pierced by` pipes (8), conl The portion of thetube (29) that passes through the deflector lis provided with an` exterior shoulder (33) which rests against).

the plate (25), this portionbeing also provided with the perforation (34) or discharging and the perforation (35) for admitting steam; the tube (29) being fastened by -the nut (36) which is tightened,against the copper rpacking disk (37). y

T he superheating tubes of larger diameter areiilre the-tubes (29), each having a ring (39) soldered toits exterior, which ring .v rests .against `the'plate (2,5) v when the nut (40,) is tightened; the tube. (38);being provided with an inlet aperture (41);or admittingv saturatedsteam from the chamber (9) andalso an aperture (42) for discharging .steam into the middle chamber Between theplates (26) (27), (28) are seen the spacers (43 which `are screwe into the pl-ate (27 )g other spacers (eel) are screwed into the plate (26) so that their y (43) and thus makingthe drilling through the plates much easier. Into the drilled holes the superheating units are inserted and tightened, the plate (26)` is soldered to theplate (25), and the. plate (27,.) is soldered to the plate (28). Lastly thetwo halves ot the heat deflector are` I vrlarger diameter somewhat longer than the soldered together along-the middle line (47) which is exactly where the two Vplates and (28,).` are joined together.`

The saturated, steam passes by the rdry y pipe (7) to the Jfront or :outer chamber (9),

and then through theperforations (41) into the large superheating pipes (38),-where itV passes as seenin Fig. 3 belowthe -lat bar (32) and escapes ,by thedischarge opening (42) into the middle chamber (10) and by that time it has beeniconverted into vsuperheated steam. Thereupon it passes through the perforations (35) intohthe superheating tubesV (29),` traveling first-below and thenV above the lat bars (32) and escapingbythe openings (.34) into the chamber (11).L From there, it passes through the connection (12) to the casing (13) yof the throttle valve when the latter is opened, and thence by thev pipes (14) to the steam chests, Asome steam also being supplied from chamber (11) to the auxiliaryapparatus bythe small pipe (24).

)Ve have ldescribed the course followed by the: steam inthe example shown although it may be reversed, that is,the steam may enter from the chamber (.11) as saturated steam and/flowout from the chamber as superheated steam; or it may enter by the.' f middlechamber y(10) as saturated steam and flow out from either chamber (10) or. (11) as superheated steam.

`)Vith the objectvofv facilitating the rapid flow of the saturated steam, it may be advisable to use tubes (38) oflarger diameter but ot course in less number so kas to correspond in `capacity with the total capacity ot those tubes, which receive the steam from the chamber "(9), then passing the steam through other tubes andchambers with the object of superheating it still more, and at last discharge it through the throttle valve,

as already explained. According to an-V v other possible arrangement, all the superheating units may be of the same diameter, compensating of courseby the number lof units between the chambers for the difference in-the volume of steam, as a consequence of the expansion produced by the increasing temperature.

Each superheating tube Yor should i have the same interior diameter throughout,

ot the same thicknessat the end as the rest of its length. The Stoppers (30) and (31) are applied by tire welding and the stopper (30) has an annular` recess so as to attach it still bettervto the tube,jwhile the flat bar is also securedwhile hotto the stopper (31).

It is advisable to make the tubes of others, so that they .may penetrate for a greater distance into the lire tubes than the ,superheating tubes (29).

Y with the [lire tubes (6), all of which are of one and the same diameter, into which are, insertedthe Vsuperheating units (29) that project through the three chambers (9)., (l0),l and (11);of the heat deflec'tor. The chamber' (9) is connectedto the dry pipe (7 2), from which extends the small tubeY (20) which carries satura-ted steam to the back pressure chamber (21) of the throttle valve casing (13), in order to balance the vulve, aswas lalready explained. Here the superheated steam is discharged from the chamber (11) b the two branch pipes (7 3), which are joine tocasing (13), from which the superheated steam is discharged by'the two pipes (.214) to the steam chests.

In Fig.' 7 ,isshowna modificationcomprising four chambers, formed by the plates (51) (52)" f l Here the spacing bolts y(43) and k(44) abut with their extreme points against the middle plate (50). rlhe tubes (53) are provided with Stoppers (30) at one end, and with Stoppers (54) at the other end, each stopper (54) having an annular' groove (55) into which a part of the tube (53) is pressed while hot, the groove thus formed in the tube being afterwards filled with soldering material (56) so asito fasten the stopper (54) within the said tube (53). The flat bar (32) is inserted into the tube and fastened by a rivet (57 while at the end of said stopper and tube is fastened a bushing (58) the end of which extends inward towards the center and through which projects the threaded reduced end (59) of the stopper. On this is fastened the nut (60), and the opposite end of the bushing carries an outwardly-extending shoulder (61) the bushing being also soldered at (62) to the tube (53). A copper gasket (63) is inserted between the shoulder (61) and the plate (48) of the deflecting device, and a copper gasket (64) between the plate (52) and the nut (60). 4The plate (51) is soldered to the plate (52) at (65), said plate (52) being folded over at the bottom and soldered at (66) to theplate (48) as well as to the middle plate (50), while the plate (49) is soldered to the plate (48) at (67). In a similar manner to that shown in Fig. 4, saturated steam enters into the chamber (68), passes therefrom into the superheating tubes of greater lengt-h, then enters into the chamber (69) which feeds the tubes of medium length, then enters into the chamber (70) which feeds steam to the tubes shown as of the shortest length, and these will finally feed superheated steam of the highest temperature to the chamber (71) which supplies it by way of the throttle valve to the valve chests. Y

Though not shown in the drawing, a safety valve may be connected to the small tube (24) which feeds steam to the auxiliary apparat-us such as the heaters and blowers, etc.

That we claim is :k

1.. A steam superheating system for steam engines, comprising a deflector have ing its interior partitioned to form a plurality of substantially-counterpart chambers disposed one in front of another, one of which is connected with a saturated steam supply; piping leading from a sec* ond chamber of the deflector for supplying superheated steam to the engine cylinders; a throttle val-ve in said piping for controlling the passage of the steam therethrough; and multiplicity of tubular superheating units arranged in a plurality of distinct groups and mounted at one end in the deflector and projecting through the several chambers thereof, each unit being partitioned interiorly to form oppositely-extend Y heating tubes ing, longitudinal inlet and outlet compartments which communicate with each other solely at the end remote from the deilector; the inlet compartments of all the tubes in one group of units having inlet ports which open directly into the first chamber of the deflector to receive saturated steam therefrom, and the outlet compartments of all the tubes of such group having outlet lports which open directly into a third chamber to discharge the then superheated steam thereinto; while the inlet compartments of all the tubes of a second group of units have inlet ports which open directly` into said third vchamber to receive the superheated steam therein, and the outlet compartments of all the tubes of said second group having outlet ports opening directly into the second-named chamber to discharge the superheated steam into that chamber.

2. A steam superheating system, according to claim 1, in which the throttle valve has a baclcpressure feed connection with the saturated steam supply.

3. A steam superheating system, according to claim 1, in which the partitions within the deflector extend vertically from top to bottom thereof, the saturated steam supply connection of the first chamber of the defiector and the superheated steam outlet from the second-named chamber being located at the tops thereof.

4. A steam superheating system for steam engines, comprisingl a detiector having its interior partitioned to form' a plurality of chambers, one of which is connected with a saturated steam supply, piping leading from another chamber of the defiector for supplying superheated steam to the engine cylinders, a throttle valve in said piping for controlling the passage of the steam therethrough, and a multiplicity of supermounted at one end in the deflector and extending through the several chambers thereof and being partitioned interiorly to form oppositely-extending, longitudinal inlet and outlet compartments which communicate with each other solely at the end remote from the deflector to effect step-by-step heating of the steam; the end of each superheating tube mounted in the defiector having fitted thereon an externally-tapered sleeve, one end of which is turned inward toward the center and the other end of which is turned outward, and a stopper fitted in the tube at the firstnamed end thereof and on which said tube end is shrunk, said stopper projecting outward through the inwardly-turned end of the sleeve.

In testimony whereof we have affixed our signatures.

TEODORO LARREY. LUIS GODARD, 

